Indwangu yokuhlunga elukiwe kanye nendwangu yokuhlunga engalukiwe (eyaziwa nangokuthi indwangu yokuhlunga engalukiwe) yizinto ezimbili ezibalulekile emkhakheni wokuhlunga. Umehluko wazo oyisisekelo enqubweni yokukhiqiza, isimo sesakhiwo, kanye nezici zokusebenza zinquma ukusetshenziswa kwazo ezimweni ezahlukene zokuhlunga. Ukuqhathanisa okulandelayo kuhlanganisa ubukhulu obuyisithupha obuyinhloko, okunezelwa yizimo ezifanele kanye nezincomo zokukhetha, ukuze kukusize uqonde ngokugcwele umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili:
Ⅰ .Umehluko Oyinhloko: Ukuqhathanisa Kubukhulu Obukhulu Obu-6
| Ubukhulu bokuqhathanisa | Indwangu Yokuhlunga Elukiwe | Indwangu Yokuhlunga Engalukiwe |
| Inqubo Yokukhiqiza | Ngokusekelwe "ekuhlanganiseni kwe-warp kanye ne-weft," izintambo ze-warp (longitudinal) kanye ne-weft (ezivundlile) zihlanganiswa kusetshenziswa i-loom (njenge-air-jet loom noma i-rapier loom) ngendlela ethile (elula, e-twill, e-satin, njll.). Lokhu kubhekwa "njengokukhiqiza okulukiwe." | Akukho ukuphotha noma ukuluka okudingekayo: imicu (i-staple noma i-filament) yakhiwa ngokuqondile ngenqubo enezinyathelo ezimbili: ukwakheka kwewebhu kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwewebhu. Izindlela zokuhlanganisa iwebhu zifaka phakathi ukubopha okushisayo, ukubopha ngamakhemikhali, ukubhoboza ngenaliti, kanye nokugoba ngamanzi, okwenza lokhu kube umkhiqizo "ongalukiwe". |
| Isakhiwo sesakhiwo | 1. Isakhiwo Esijwayelekile: Izintambo ze-Warp neze-weft zilukiwe ukuze zakhe isakhiwo esicacile esifana negridi enobukhulu bembobo efanayo kanye nokusatshalaliswa. 2. Isiqondiso samandla esicacile: Amandla e-Warp (longitudinal) ngokuvamile aphezulu kunamandla e-weft (transverse); 3. Ubuso bubushelelezi, abunawo ubuningi befayibha obubonakalayo. | 11. Isakhiwo Esingahleliwe: Imicu ihlelwe ngendlela engahlelekile noma engahleliwe, yakha isakhiwo esinezinhlangothi ezintathu, esithambile, esinezimbobo esinobubanzi obukhulu bezimbobo. 2. Amandla e-Isotropic: Akukho mehluko obalulekile eziqondisweni ze-warp kanye ne-weft. Amandla anqunywa yindlela yokubopha (isb., indwangu ebhobozwe ngenaliti inamandla kunendwangu eboshwe ngokushisa). 3. Ubuso buyingqimba yefayibha ethambile, futhi ubukhulu bengqimba yesihlungi bungalungiswa kalula. |
| Ukusebenza kokuhlunga | 1. Ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nokulawulwa: Umgodi we-mesh uzinzile, ufanelekela ukuhlunga izinhlayiya eziqinile zosayizi othize (isb., 5-100μm); 2. Ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga okuyisisekelo okuphansi: Izikhala ze-mesh zivumela kalula izinhlayiya ezincane ukuthi zingene, okudinga "ikhekhe lokuhlunga" ukuthi lakheke ngaphambi kokuba ukusebenza kahle kuthuthukiswe; 3. Ukususwa kwekhekhe lesihlungi okuhle: Ubuso bubushelelezi futhi ikhekhe lesihlungi (insalela eqinile) ngemva kokuhlunga kulula ukulihlanza, okwenza kube lula ukulihlanza nokuvuselela. | 1. Ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga okuyinhloko okuphezulu: Isakhiwo esinezimbobo ezintathu sibamba ngqo izinhlayiya ezincane (isb., 0.1-10μm) ngaphandle kokuthembela kumakhekhe okuhlunga; 2. Ukuzinza okungalungile ngokunemba: Ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wembobo ebanzi, kubuthakathaka kunendwangu elukiwe ekuhlolweni kosayizi wezinhlayiya ezithile; 3.Umthamo ophezulu wokubamba uthuli: Isakhiwo esithambile singabamba ukungcola okwengeziwe, kodwa ikhekhe lokuhlunga lifakwa kalula esikhaleni sefayibha, okwenza ukuhlanza nokuvuselela kube nzima. |
| Izakhiwo zomzimba nezemishini | 1. Amandla Aphezulu Nokumelana Okuhle Nokuklwebheka: Isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe se-warp kanye ne-weft sizinzile, simelana nokunwebeka nokuklwebheka, futhi sinokuphila isikhathi eside (ngokuvamile izinyanga kuya eminyakeni); 2. Ukuzinza Okuhle Kobukhulu: Kumelana nokuguquguquka ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu, okwenza kufaneleke ukusebenza okuqhubekayo; 3.Ukungena Komoya Okuphansi: Isakhiwo esilukiwe esiminyene siphumela ekungeneni kwegesi/uketshezi okuphansi (umthamo womoya). | 1. Amandla aphansi kanye nokumelana nokuklwebheka okubi: Imicu ithembele ekubopheni noma ekubambeni ukuze ivikeleke, okwenza kube lula ukuphuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kuholele esikhathini esifushane sokuphila (ngokuvamile izinsuku kuya ezinyangeni). 2. Ukuzinza okungekuhle kobukhulu: Izindwangu eziboshwe ngokushisa zivame ukuncipha uma zivezwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, kuyilapho izindwangu eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali zivame ukuwohloka uma zivezwa ezincibilikisini. 3.Ukungena komoya okuphezulu: Isakhiwo esithambile nesingenazo izimbobo sinciphisa ukumelana koketshezi futhi sandisa ukugeleza koketshezi. |
| Izindleko Nokunakekelwa | 1. Izindleko zokuqala eziphezulu: Inqubo yokweluka iyinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi ngezindwangu zokuhlunga ezinembe kakhulu (njenge-satin weave). 2. Izindleko zokulungisa eziphansi: Iyagezwa futhi ingasetshenziswa kabusha (isb., ukuwasha ngamanzi kanye nokuwasha ngemuva), okudinga ukushintshwa okungajwayelekile. | 1. Izindleko zokuqala eziphansi: Ama-Nonwovens alula ukuwakhiqiza futhi anikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokukhiqiza. 2. Izindleko zokulungisa eziphezulu: Zivame ukuvaleka, kunzima ukuzivuselela, futhi zivame ukulahlwa noma zishintshwe kaningi, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphezulu ezisetshenziswayo zesikhathi eside. |
| Ukuguquguquka Kwendlela Ozenza Ngayo | 1. Ukuguquguquka okuphansi: Ububanzi bembobo kanye nobukhulu bunqunywa kakhulu ukujiya kwentambo kanye nobuningi bokulukwa. Ukulungiswa kudinga ukuklama kabusha iphethini yokulukwa, okuthatha isikhathi. 2. Ukuluka okukhethekile (njengokuluka okunezingqimba ezimbili kanye nokuluka kwe-jacquard) kungenziwa ngezifiso ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo ezithile (njengokumelana nokunwebeka). | 1. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo Okuphezulu: Imikhiqizo enokunemba okuhlukahlukene kokuhlunga kanye nokuvuleka komoya ingenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokushesha ngokulungisa uhlobo lwefayibha (isb., i-polyester, i-polypropylene, ifayibha yengilazi), indlela yokunamathisela iwebhu, kanye nobukhulu. 2.Ingahlanganiswa nezinye izinto (isb., ukumboza) ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zokuvimbela amanzi kanye nokunganamatheli. |
II. Umehluko Ezimweni Zokusetshenziswa
Ngokusekelwe kumehluko wokusebenza okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla, lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili zihluke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi zilandela isimiso "sokukhetha ukunemba kunezindwangu ezilukiwe, ukubeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kunezindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe":
1. Indwangu yokuhlunga elukiwe: Ifanele izimo "zokuhlunga zesikhathi eside, ezizinzile, nezinembile kakhulu"
● Ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile nolwezimboni: njengokucindezela izihlungi zepuleti nohlaka kanye nezihlungi zebhande (ukuhlunga izinsimbi kanye nodaka lwamakhemikhali, okudinga ukuhlanzwa nokuvuselelwa okuphindaphindiwe);
● Ukuhlunga igesi yoketshezi olushisayo kakhulu: njengezihlungi zezikhwama embonini kagesi neyensimbi (kudinga ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka, okunempilo yesevisi okungenani yonyaka owodwa);
● Ukuhlunga ukudla kanye nemithi: njengokuhlungwa kobhiya kanye nokuhlunga okukhishwe kwemithi yendabuko yaseShayina (kudinga usayizi oqondile wembobo ukuze kugwenywe insalela yokungcola);
2. Indwangu yokuhlunga engalukiwe: Ifanele izimo "zokuhlunga zesikhathi esifushane, ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, nezingenaphutha"
● Ukuhlanzwa komoya: njengezihlungi zokuhlanza umoya zasekhaya kanye nemidiya yokuhlunga eyinhloko yesistimu ye-HVAC (kudinga amandla okugcina uthuli oluningi kanye nokumelana okuphansi);
● Ukuhlunga okulahlwayo: njengokuhluzwa kwamanzi okuphuza ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kanye nokuhlunga okuqinile koketshezi lwamakhemikhali (asikho isidingo sokusetshenziswa kabusha, okunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa);
● Izicelo ezikhethekile: njengokuvikela kwezokwelapha (indwangu yokuhlunga yengqimba yangaphakathi yamaski) kanye nezihlungi zomoya opholile zezimoto (zidinga ukukhiqizwa okusheshayo kanye nezindleko eziphansi).
III. Izincomo Zokukhetha
Okokuqala, Beka phambili "Isikhathi Sokusebenza":
● Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo, izimo zomthwalo ophezulu (isb., ukususwa kothuli emahoreni angama-24 efektri) → Khetha indwangu yokuhlunga elukiwe (isikhathi eside sokuphila, akukho ukushintshwa okuvamile);
● Ukusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile, izimo zomthwalo ophansi (isib., ukuhlunga okuncane elabhorethri) → Khetha indwangu yokuhlunga engalukiwe (izindleko eziphansi, kulula ukuyishintsha).
Okwesibili, cabanga "Ngezidingo Zokuhlunga":
● Kudinga ukulawulwa okunembile kosayizi wezinhlayiya (isb., ukuhlunga izinhlayiya ezingaphansi kuka-5μm) → Khetha indwangu yokuhlunga elukiwe;
● Kudinga kuphela "ukugcinwa kokungcola okusheshayo kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola" (isb., ukuhlunga indle okuqinile) → Khetha indwangu yokuhlunga engalukiwe.
Ekugcineni, cabanga "ngesabelomali sezindleko":
● Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside (ngaphezu konyaka owodwa) → Khetha indwangu yokuhlunga elukiwe (izindleko zokuqala eziphezulu kodwa izindleko eziphansi zobunikazi);
● Amaphrojekthi esikhashana (ngaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-3) → Khetha indwangu yokuhlunga engalukiwe (izindleko zokuqala eziphansi, igwema ukuchithwa kwezinsiza).
Ngamafuphi, indwangu yokuhlunga elukiwe iyisisombululo sesikhathi eside "esinotshalomali oluphezulu kanye nokuqina okuphezulu", kuyilapho indwangu yokuhlunga engalukiwe iyisisombululo sesikhathi esifushane "esingabizi kakhulu kanye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu". Akukho ukuphakama noma ukungabi phansi okuphelele phakathi kwalokhu okubili, futhi ukukhetha kufanele kwenziwe ngokusekelwe ekunembileni kokuhlunga, umjikelezo wokusebenza, kanye nesabelomali sezindleko zezimo zokusebenza ezithile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-11-2025