Lapho kuhlolwa izindwangu ezingcono kakhulu zokuhlunga uthuli, izinto ezimbili zithole ukunakwa okubalulekile ngokusebenza kwazo okukhethekile: i-PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) kanye nefomu layo elinwetshiwe, i-ePTFE (Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene). Lezi zinto zokwenziwa, ezaziwa ngezindawo zazo eziyingqayizivele zamakhemikhali nezomzimba, zichaze kabusha ukuhlunga kothuli ezindaweni ezidinga kakhulu, zinikeza izinzuzo ezizihlukanisa nezindwangu zendabuko ezifana nokotini, i-polyester, noma izinto ezijwayelekile ze-HEPA.
I-PTFE, evame ukubizwa ngegama layo lomkhiqizo i-Teflon, iyi-fluoropolymer ehlonishwa ngenxa yezindawo zayo ezinganamatheli, ukumelana namakhemikhali, kanye nokubekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ngendlela yayo eluhlaza, i-PTFE iyimpahla eminyene, eqinile, kodwa uma yenziwe izindwangu zokuhlunga, yenza indawo ebushelelezi, ehexa kancane exosha uthuli, uketshezi, nokungcola. Le khwalithi enganamatheli ibalulekile ekuhlungeni uthuli: ngokungafani nezindwangu ezinezimbotshana ezibamba izinhlayiya ezijulile ngaphakathi kwemicu yazo (okuholela ekuvaleni),Izihlungi ze-PTFEvumela uthuli lunqwabelane phezulu, okwenza kube lula ukuhlanza noma ukunyakazisa. Lesi sici "sokulayisha ngaphezulu" siqinisekisa ukugeleza komoya okungaguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inzuzo eyinhloko kuzilungiselelo zothuli oluphezulu njengeziza zokwakha noma izitshalo zokukhiqiza.
I-ePTFE, idalwe ngokwelula i-PTFE ukuze idale isakhiwo esinezimbotshana, ithatha ukusebenza kokuhlunga kuyise ezingeni elilandelayo. Inqubo yokwandisa ikhiqiza inethiwekhi yezimbotshana ezincane ezingabonakali (imvamisa phakathi kuka-0.1 kanye nama-microns ayi-10) kuyilapho igcina izakhiwo ezingokwemvelo ze-PTFE. Lezi zimbotshana zisebenza njengesisefo esinembile: zivimba izinhlayiya zothuli—kuhlanganise nezinhlayiyana ezincane (PM2.5) kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane zama-micron—kube zivumela umoya ukuba udlule ngaphandle kokuvinjwa. I-ePTFE's porosity ingenzeka ngendlela oyifisayo kakhulu, iyenze ifaneleke izinhlelo zokusebenza kusukela kwezihlanza umoya ezihlala endaweni (ukuhlunga i-pet dander nempova) kuya kumagumbi okuhlanza ezimboni (ukuthwebula imikhiqizo ekhiqizwa nge-ultrafine).
Enye yezinzuzo eziphawuleka kakhulu kokubili i-PTFE ne-ePTFE ukuqina nokumelana nezimo ezinzima. Ngokungafani nekotini noma i-polyester, ekwazi ukwehlisa izinga lapho evezwe kumakhemikhali, umswakama, noma amazinga okushisa aphezulu, i-PTFE ne-ePTFE azifaki ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ama-asidi nezinyibilikisi. Angakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa asukela ku -200°C kuya ku-260°C (-328°F kuya ku-500°F), okuwenza alungele ukusetshenziswa eziko, kumasistimu e-exhaust, noma ezindaweni ezingaphandle lapho izihlungi zivezwa khona esimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu. Lokhu kuqina kuhumusha ukuphila okude—izihlungi ze-PTFE kanye ne-ePTFE zingahlala izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ngokulungiswa okufanele, ezinye izindlela ezilahlwayo ezisebenza kahle njengephepha noma izihlungi zokwenziwa eziyisisekelo.
Enye inzuzo yizidingo zabo eziphansi zokunakekela. Ngenxa ye-PTFE's non-stick surface, izinhlayiya zothuli azinamatheli kakhulu kumpahla yokuhlunga. Ezimweni eziningi, ukumane unyakazise isihlungi noma ukusebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe kwanele ukukhipha uthuli olunqwabelene, ukubuyisela ukusebenza kahle kwalo. Lokhu kuphinda kusetshenziswe akunciphisi udoti kuphela kodwa futhi kwehlisa izindleko zesikhathi eside uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlungi ezisetshenziswa kanye. Isibonelo, kuma-vacuum cleaner embonini, izihlungi ze-ePTFE zingahlanzwa izikhathi eziningi ngaphambi kokudinga ukushintshwa, zehlise kakhulu izindleko zokusebenza.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlungi ze-HEPA—okukudala zibhekwa njengezinga legolide lokuhlunga kwezinhlayiyana ezinhle—i-ePTFE iyazibamba. Nakuba izihlungi ze-HEPA zithwebula u-99.97% wezinhlayiya ezingu-0.3-micron, izihlungi zekhwalithi ephezulu ze-ePTFE zingafinyelela amazinga afanayo noma aphezulu kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle. Ukwengeza, ukugeleza komoya okuphezulu kwe-ePTFE (ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo kwezimbotshana ezithuthukisiwe) kunciphisa ubunzima kumasistimu abalandeli, kuyenze yonge kakhulu kune-HEPA ezinhlelweni eziningi.
Sengiphetha, i-PTFE ne-ePTFE zigqama njengezindwangu ezihlukile zokuhlunga uthuli. Inhlanganisela yabo eyingqayizivele yokumelana namakhemikhali, ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa, i-porosity eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, kanye nokusebenziseka kabusha kubenza basebenzise izinto ezihlukahlukene ngokwanele kokubili ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke nezimboni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusesimweni se-PTFE enganamatheli yokuqoqwa kothuli olusindayo noma ulwelwesi lwe-ePTFE olunwetshiwe lokuhlunga izinhlayiyana ezinhle kakhulu, lezi zinsiza zinikeza isisombululo esithembekile, esihlala isikhathi eside ekugcineni umoya ungenalo uthuli nokungcola. Kulabo abafuna isihlungi esilinganisa ukusebenza kahle, ukuqina, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko, i-PTFE ne-ePTFE ngokungangabazeki phakathi kwezinketho ezingcono kakhulu ezitholakalayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-14-2025