Imidiya ye-PTFEngokuvamile isho imidiya eyenziwe nge-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE ngamafuphi). Okulandelayo yisingeniso esinemininingwane yemidiya ye-PTFE:
Ⅰ. Izinto ezibonakalayo
1.Ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali
I-PTFE iyinto ezinzile kakhulu. Inokumelana namakhemikhali okuqinile futhi ayisebenzi cishe kuwo wonke amakhemikhali. Isibonelo, endaweni yama-asidi aqinile (afana ne-sulfuric acid, i-nitric acid, njll.), izisekelo eziqinile (njenge-sodium hydroxide, njll.) nezincibilikisi eziningi eziphilayo (njenge-benzene, toluene, njll.), izinto ze-PTFE ngeke zisabele ngamakhemikhali. Lokhu kuyenza idume kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okunjengama-seal kanye ne-pipe linings embonini yamakhemikhali neyemithi, ngoba lezi zimboni zivame ukudinga ukubhekana nezinhlobonhlobo zamakhemikhali ayinkimbinkimbi.
2.Ukumelana nezinga lokushisa
Imidiya ye-PTFE ingagcina ukusebenza kwayo ebangeni elibanzi lokushisa. Ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile ebangeni lokushisa elingu -200℃ kuya ku-260℃. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ngeke ibe brittle; emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngeke abole noma abole kalula njengamapulasitiki athile ajwayelekile. Lokhu ukumelana okuhle kwezinga lokushisa kwenza i-PTFE media ibe nokusetshenziswa okubalulekile ku-aerospace, electronics nakweminye imikhakha. Isibonelo, ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic lwendiza, imidiya ye-PTFE ingakwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu elikhiqizwa izinguquko ezisezingeni lokushisa elizungezile nokusebenza kwesistimu phakathi nendiza.
3.Low friction coefficient
I-PTFE ine-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokungqubuzana, enye yezinto eziphansi kakhulu phakathi kwezinto eziqinile ezaziwayo. Ama-coefficients awo aguquguqukayo futhi amile womabili mancane kakhulu, angaba ngu-0.04. Lokhu kwenza i-PTFE dielectric isebenze kakhulu uma isetshenziswa njengesithambiso ezingxenyeni eziwumshini. Isibonelo, kwamanye amadivaysi kagesi kagesi, ama-bearings noma ama-bushings enziwe nge-PTFE anganciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye eziwumshini, anciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, futhi andise impilo yesevisi yezisetshenziswa.
4.Ukufakwa kukagesi
I-PTFE inezinto ezinhle zokuvala ugesi. Igcina ukumelana ne-insulation ephezulu ebangeni elibanzi lefrikhwensi. Emishinini ye-elekthronikhi, i-PTFE dielectric ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izinto zokuvikela ukushisa, njenge-insulation layer yezintambo nezintambo. Ingavimbela ukuvuza kwamanje, iqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini kagesi, futhi imelane nokuphazanyiswa kwamagnetic kwangaphandle.
Isibonelo, ezintanjeni zokuxhumana ezinesivinini esikhulu, isendlalelo sokufakelwa kwe-PTFE singaqinisekisa ukuzinza nokunemba kokudluliswa kwesignali.
5.Ukunganamatheli
Ingaphezulu le-PTFE dielectric inokunganamatheli okuqinile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-electronegativity yama-athomu e-fluorine esakhiweni samangqamuzana e-PTFE iphezulu kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi indawo ye-PTFE ihlangane ngamakhemikhali nezinye izinto. Lokhu ukunganamatheli kwenza i-PTFE isetshenziswe kabanzi embotsheni yezitsha zokupheka (njengamapani angagxili). Uma ukudla kuphekwe epanini elingagxili, ngeke kunamathele kalula odongeni lwepani, okwenza kube lula ukuhlanza nokunciphisa inani lamafutha asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokupheka.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-PVDF ne-PTFE?
I-PVDF (i-polyvinylidene fluoride) kanye ne-PTFE (i-polytetrafluoroethylene) womabili ama-polymer ane-fluorinated anezindawo eziningi ezifanayo, kodwa futhi anomehluko othile obalulekile ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali, ukusebenza nokusetshenziswa kwawo. Okulandelayo umehluko wabo omkhulu:
Ⅰ. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali
I-PVDF:
Isakhiwo samakhemikhali yi-CH2−CF2n, okuyi-polymer e-semi-crystalline.
Iketango lamangqamuzana liqukethe amayunithi e-methylene (-CH2-) ashintshanayo kanye ne-trifluoromethyl (-CF2-).
I-PTFE:
Isakhiwo samakhemikhali yi-CF2−CF2n, okuyi-perfluoropolymer.
Iketango lamangqamuzana lakhiwe ngokuphelele ama-athomu e-fluorine nama-athomu e-carbon, ngaphandle kwama-athomu e-hydrogen.
Ⅱ. Ukuqhathaniswa kokusebenza
| Inkomba yokusebenza | I-PVDF | I-PTFE |
| Ukumelana namakhemikhali | Ukumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali, kodwa hhayi okuhle njenge-PTFE. Ukumelana kahle nama-asidi amaningi, izisekelo kanye nezincibilikisi eziphilayo, kodwa ukumelana kabi nezisekelo eziqinile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. | Ingangeni cishe kuwo wonke amakhemikhali, amelana kakhulu namakhemikhali. |
| Ukumelana nezinga lokushisa | Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lingu-40℃～150℃, futhi ukusebenza kuzokwehla emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. | Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lingu-200℃～260℃, futhi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa kuhle kakhulu. |
| Amandla omshini | Amandla emishini aphakeme, anamandla amahle okuqina kanye nokumelana nomthelela. | Amandla emishini aphansi kakhulu, kodwa anokuguquguquka okuhle nokumelana nokukhathala. |
| I-friction coefficient | I-coefficient yokushayisana iphansi, kodwa iphakeme kune-PTFE. | I-coefficient ye-friction iphansi kakhulu, enye yezinto eziphansi kakhulu phakathi kwezinto eziqinile ezaziwayo. |
| Ukufakwa kukagesi | Ukusebenza kwe-insulation kagesi kuhle, kodwa akukuhle njenge-PTFE. | Ukusebenza kwe-insulation kagesi kuhle kakhulu, kulungele imvamisa ephezulu kanye nezindawo zamandla kagesi aphezulu. |
| Ukunganamatheli | Ukunganamatheli kuhle, kodwa akukuhle njenge-PTFE. | Inokunganamatheli okuqine ngokwedlulele futhi iyinto eyinhloko yezingubo zepani ezinganamatheli. |
| Ukusebenziseka | Kulula ukuyicubungula futhi ingakhiwa ngezindlela ezivamile ezifana nokubunjwa komjovo kanye nokukhipha. | Kunzima ukucutshungulwa futhi ngokuvamile kudinga amasu okucubungula akhethekile afana ne-sintering. |
| Ukuminyana | Ukuminyana kucishe kube ngu-1.75 g/cm³, okulula uma kuqhathaniswa. | Ukuminyana kucishe kube ngu-2.15 g/cm³, okuyisisindo uma kuqhathaniswa. |
Ⅲ. Izinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza
| Izinhlelo zokusebenza | I-PVDF | I-PTFE |
| Imboni yamakhemikhali | Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amapayipi angagqwali, amavalvu, amaphampu nezinye izinto zokusebenza, ezifanele ikakhulukazi ukuphatha izindawo ezineasidi noma ezine-alkali. | Isetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-linings, seals, amapayipi, njll. yemishini yamakhemikhali, efanelekile ezindaweni zamakhemikhali ezimbi kakhulu. |
| Imboni kagesi | Isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu, izendlalelo zokufakelwa, njll. zezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, ezifanele imvamisa emaphakathi nendawo kagesi. | Isetshenziselwa ukwakha izingxenye ezivikelayo zamakhebuli anemvamisa ephezulu nezixhumi zikagesi, ezifanele imvamisa ephezulu kanye nezindawo zamandla kagesi aphezulu. |
| Imboni yemishini | Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye zemishini, ama-bearings, seals, njll., ezifanele indawo ephakathi nendawo yokushisa. | Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye ze-low-friction, seals, njll., ezifanele izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nezindawo eziphansi zokungqubuzana. |
| Imboni yokudla neyokwenza imithi | Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye zemishini yokucubungula ukudla, izintambo zemishini yokwenza imithi, njll., ezifanele izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo kanye nezindawo zamakhemikhali. | Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-pan-non-stick coatings, amabhande okuthutha ukudla, ama-linings emishini yokwenza imithi, njll., afanele izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nezindawo eziqinile zamakhemikhali. |
| Imboni yezokwakha | Isetshenziselwa ukwakha izinto zokwakha zangaphandle zodonga, izinto zokufulela, njll., ezinokumelana nesimo sezulu esihle kanye nobuhle. | Isetshenziselwa ukwakha izinto zokuvala izakhiwo, izinto ezingangeni manzi, njll., ezifanele izindawo eziyingozi kakhulu. |
Ⅳ. Izindleko
I-PVDF: Izindleko eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, iyathengeka.
I-PTFE: Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bayo obukhethekile bokucubungula nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu, izindleko ziphakeme.
Ⅴ. Umthelela wendawo
I-PVDF: Inani elincane lamagesi ayingozi lingase likhishwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, kodwa umthelela jikelele wemvelo mncane.
I-PTFE: Izinto eziyingozi njenge-perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) zingase zikhishwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, kodwa izinqubo zokukhiqiza zesimanje ziye zayinciphisa kakhulu le ngozi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-09-2025